爱因斯坦 是一个 UITest 框架，它通过 AccessibilityIdentifier 在整个项目与 UITest 之间集成业务逻辑。在 UITest 上，使用 EasyPredict 和扩展以更好地支持 UITest 代码编写。

比较示例

在 XCTestCase 中输入电话号码进行登录

👍使用 Einstein ↓

LoginAccessID.SignIn.phoneNumber.element
  .assertBreak(predicate: .exists(true))?
  .clearAndType(text: "MyPhoneNumber")

😵不使用 Einstein ↓

let element = app.buttons["LoginAccessID_SignIn_phoneNumber"]
let predicate = NSPredicate(format: "exists == true")
let promise = self.expectation(for: predicate, evaluatedWith: element, handler: nil)
let result = XCTWaiter().wait(for: [promise], timeout: 10)
if result == XCTWaiter.Result.completed {
    let stringValue = (element.value as? String) ?? ""
    let deleteString = stringValue.map { _ in XCUIKeyboardKey.delete.rawValue }.joined()
    element.typeText(deleteString)
    element.typeText("MyPhoneNumber")
} else {
    assertionFailure("LoginAccessID_SignIn_phoneNumber element is't existe")
}

文件结构

─┬─ Einstein
 ├─┬─ Identifier: -> `UIKit`
 │ └─── AccessibilityIdentifier.swift
 │
 └─┬─ UITest: -> `Einstein/Identifier` & `XCTest` & `Then`
   ├─┬─ Model
   │ ├─── EasyPredicate.swift
   │ └─── Springboard.swift
   └─┬─ Extensions
     ├─── RawRepresentable+helpers.swift
     ├─── PrettyRawRepresentable+helpers.swift
     ├─── XCTestCase+helpers.swift
     ├─── XCUIElement+helpers.swift
     └─── XCUIElementQuery+helpers.swift

安装

需要 iOS >= 9.0 和 Swift5.0，并使用 Cocoapods

target 'XXXProject' do

  # in project target
  pod 'Einstein/Identifier' 
  
  target 'XXXProjectUITests' do
    # in UITest target
    pod 'Einstein'
  end
end

使用

AccessibilityIdentifier
- 项目目标
- UITest 目标
- 在 UITest 中应用
EasyPredicate
扩展

1. 无障碍标识符

说明
所有UIKit的无障碍标识符都是协议UIAccessibilityIdentification的一个属性，所有枚举的rawValue默认遵循RawRepresentable

展开查看详细信息

1.1 定义枚举

设置String中的rawValue

根据需要添加PrettyRawRepresentable

1.2 使用枚举的rawValue设置UIKit的无障碍标识符

方法1：后缀操作符

方法2：UIAccessibilityIdentification的扩展

1.3 在UITest目标中应用

1.1 定义枚举

struct LoginAccessID {
    enum SignIn: String {
        case signIn, phoneNumber, password
    }
    enum SignUp: String {
        case signUp, phoneNumber
    }
    enum Forget: String, PrettyRawRepresentable {
        case phoneNumber // and so on
    }
}

强烈建议在枚举上添加PrettyRawRepresentable协议，这样你将获得带属性路径的RawValue字符串，以避免在不同页面中无障碍标识符相同。

// for example:

let str1 = LoginAccessID.SignIn.phoneNumber
let str2 = LoginAccessID.SignUp.phoneNumber
let str3 = LoginAccessID.Forget.phoneNumber // had add PrettyRawRepresentable

str1 == "phoneNumber"
str2 == "phoneNumber" 
str3 == "LoginAccessID_Forget_phoneNumber"

更多信息：PrettyRawRepresentable

1.2 使用枚举的rawValue设置UIKit的无障碍标识符

// system way
signInPhoneTextField.accessibilityIdentifier = "LoginAccessID_SignIn_phoneNumber"

// define infix operator <<<
forgetPhoneTextField <<< LoginAccessID.Forget.phoneNumber

print(forgetPhoneTextField.accessibilityIdentifier)
// "LoginAccessID_Forget_phoneNumber"

1.3. 在UITest目标中应用

说明
首先在UITest中导入定义的枚举文件

方法1：在XXXProject和XXXUITest中将它的target membership设置为true

方法2：在UITest中使用@testable导入项目文件（链接：如何设置）
@testable import XXXPreject

// extension the protocol RawRepresentable and it's RawValue == String

typealias SignInPage = LoginAccessID.SignIn

// type the phone number
SignInPage.phoneNumber.element.waitUntilExists().clearAndType(text: "myPhoneNumber")

// type passward
SignInPage.password.element.clearAndType(text: "******")

// start login
SignInPage.signIn.element.assert(predicate: .isEnabled(true)).tap()

2. EasyPredicate

说明
EasyPredicate的RawValue是PredicateRawValue（用于管理逻辑和转换NSPredicate的另一个枚举）。

展开查看EasyPredicate的案例

public enum EasyPredicate: RawRepresentable {   
    case exists(_ exists: Bool)
    case isEnabled(_ isEnabled: Bool)
    case isHittable(_ isHittable: Bool)
    case isSelected(_ isSelected: Bool)
    case label(_ comparison: Comparison, _ value: String)
    case identifier(_ identifier: String)
    case type(_ type: XCUIElement.ElementType)
    case other(_ ragular: String)
}

尽管 NSPredicate 功能强大，但开发程序接口不太理想，我们可以尝试将硬编码风格转换为面向对象风格，这正是 EasyPredicate 做的事情。

// use EasyPredicate
let targetElement = query.filter(predicate: .label(.beginsWith, "abc")).element

// use NSPredicate
let predicate = NSPredicate(format: "label BEGINSWITH 'abc'")
let targetElement = query.element(matching: predicate).element

EasyPredicate 合并

// "elementType == 0 && exists == true && label BEGINSWITH 'abc'"
let predicate: EasyPredicate = [.type(.button), .exists(true), .label(.beginsWith, "abc")].merged()

// "elementType == 0 || exists == true || label BEGINSWITH 'abc'"
let predicate: EasyPredicate = [.type(.button), .exists(true), .label(.beginsWith, "abc")].merged(withLogic: .or)

3. UITest 扩展

3.1 String 扩展

/*
 Note: string value can be a RawRepresentable and String at the same time
 for example:
 `let element: XCUIElement = "SomeString".element`
 */
extension String: RawRepresentable {
    public var rawValue: String { return self }
    public init?(rawValue: String) {
        self = rawValue
    }
}

3.2 RawRepresentable 扩展

为元素为 RawRepresentable 的序列扩展

public extension Sequence where Element: RawRepresentable, Element.RawValue == String {
    
    /// get the elements which match with identifiers and predicates limited in timeout
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - predicates: predicates as the match rules
    ///   - logic: relation of predicates
    ///   - timeout: if timeout == 0, return the elements immediately otherwise retry until timeout
    /// - Returns: get the elements
    func elements(predicates: [EasyPredicate], logic: NSCompoundPredicate.LogicalType, timeout: Int) -> [XCUIElement] {}
    
    /// get the first element was matched predicate
    func anyElement(predicate: EasyPredicate) -> XCUIElement? {}
}

为 RawRepresentable 扩展扩展

/*
 Get the `XCUIElement` from RawRepresentable's RawValue which also been used as accessibilityIdentifier
 */
public extension RawRepresentable where RawValue == String {
    var element: XCUIElement {}
    var query: XCUIElementQuery {}
    var count: Int {}
    subscript(i: Int) -> XCUIElement {}   
    func queryFor(identifier: Self) -> XCUIElementQuery {}
}

3.3 扩展 XCUIElement

为 XCUIElement (基本) 扩展

public extension PredicateBaseExtensionProtocol where Self == T {

    /// create a new preicate with EasyPredicates and LogicalType to judge is it satisfied on self
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - predicates: predicates rules
    ///   - logic: predicates relative
    /// - Returns: tuple of result and self
    @discardableResult
    func waitUntil(predicates: [EasyPredicate], logic: NSCompoundPredicate.LogicalType = .and, timeout: TimeInterval = 10, handler: XCTNSPredicateExpectation.Handler? = nil) -> (result: XCTWaiter.Result, element: T) {
        if predicates.count <= 0 { fatalError("predicates cannpt be empty!") }
        
        let test = XCTestCase().then { $0.continueAfterFailure = true }
        let promise = test.expectation(for: predicates.toPredicate(logic), evaluatedWith: self, handler: handler)
        let result = XCTWaiter().wait(for: [promise], timeout: timeout)
        return (result, self)
    }
    
    /// assert by new preicate with EasyPredicates and LogicalType, if assert is passed then return self or return nil
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - predicates: rules
    ///   - logic: predicates relative
    /// - Returns: self or nil
    @discardableResult
    func assertBreak(predicates: [EasyPredicate], logic: NSCompoundPredicate.LogicalType = .and) -> T? {
        if predicates.first == nil { fatalError("❌ predicates can't be empty") }
        
        let filteredElements = ([self] as NSArray).filtered(using: predicates.toPredicate(logic))
        if filteredElements.isEmpty {
            let predicateStr = predicates.map { "\n <\($0.rawValue.regularString)>" }.joined()
            assertionFailure("❌ \(self) is not satisfied logic:\(logic) about rules: \(predicateStr)")
        }
        return filteredElements.isEmpty ? nil : self
    }
}

为 XCUIElement 基础扩展扩展

// MARK: - wait
@discardableResult
func waitUntil(predicate: EasyPredicate, timeout: TimeInterval = 10, handler: XCTNSPredicateExpectation.Handler? = nil) -> (result: XCTWaiter.Result, element: XCUIElement) {}

@discardableResult
func waitUntilExists(timeout: TimeInterval = 10) -> (result: XCTWaiter.Result, element: XCUIElement) {}

@discardableResult
func wait(_ s: UInt32 = 1) -> XCUIElement {}

// MARK: - assert
@discardableResult
func assertBreak(predicate: EasyPredicate) -> XCUIElement? {}

@discardableResult
func assert(predicate: EasyPredicate) -> XCUIElement {}

@discardableResult
func waitUntilExistsAssert(timeout: TimeInterval = 10) -> XCUIElement {}

@discardableResult
func assert(predicate: EasyPredicate, timeout: TimeInterval = 10) -> XCUIElement {}

为 XCUIElement 自定义扩展扩展

// MARK: - Extension
public extension XCUIElement {
    
    /// get the results in the descendants which matching the EasyPredicates
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - predicates: EasyPredicate's rules
    ///   - logic: rule's relate
    /// - Returns: result target
    @discardableResult
    func descendants(predicates: [EasyPredicate], logic: NSCompoundPredicate.LogicalType = .and) -> XCUIElementQuery {}
    @discardableResult
    func descendants(predicate: EasyPredicate) -> XCUIElementQuery {}
    
    /// Returns a query for direct children of the element matching with EasyPredicates
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - predicates: EasyPredicate rules
    ///   - logic: rules relate
    /// - Returns: result query
    @discardableResult
    func children(predicates: [EasyPredicate], logic: NSCompoundPredicate.LogicalType = .and) -> XCUIElementQuery {}
    @discardableResult
    func children(predicate: EasyPredicate) -> XCUIElementQuery {}
    
    /// Wait until it's available and then type a text into it.
    @discardableResult
    func tapAndType(text: String, timeout: TimeInterval = 10) -> XCUIElement {}
    
    /// Wait until it's available and clear the text, then type a text into it.
    @discardableResult
    func clearAndType(text: String, timeout: TimeInterval = 10) -> XCUIElement {}
    
    @discardableResult
    func hidenKeyboard(inApp: XCUIApplication) -> XCUIElement {}
    
    @discardableResult
    func setSwitch(on: Bool, timeout: TimeInterval = 10) -> XCUIElement  {}
    
    @discardableResult
    func forceTap(timeout: TimeInterval = 10) -> XCUIElement {}
    
    @discardableResult
    func tapIfExists(timeout: TimeInterval = 10) -> XCUIElement {}
}

为序列：XCUIElement 扩展扩展

extension Sequence where Element: XCUIElement {
    
    /// get the elements which match with identifiers and predicates limited in timeout
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - predicates: predicates as the match rules
    ///   - logic: relation of predicates
    ///   - timeout: if timeout == 0, return the elements immediately otherwise retry until timeout
    /// - Returns: get the elements
    func elements(predicates: [EasyPredicate], logic: NSCompoundPredicate.LogicalType, timeout: Int) -> [Element] {}
    
    /// get the first element was matched predicate
    func anyElement(predicate: EasyPredicate) -> Element? {}
}

3.4 扩展 XCUIElementQuery

为 XCUIElementQuery 扩展扩展

public extension XCUIElementQuery {
    /// safe to get index
    ///
    /// - Parameter index: index
    /// - Returns: optional element
    func element(safeIndex index: Int) -> XCUIElement? {    }
    
    /// asset empty of query
    ///
    /// - Parameter empty: bool value
    /// - Returns: optional query self
    func assertEmpty(empty: Bool = false) -> XCUIElementQuery? {    }

    /// get the results which matching the EasyPredicates
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - predicates: EasyPredicate's rules
    ///   - logic: rules relate
    /// - Returns: ElementQuery
    func matching(predicates: [EasyPredicate], logic: NSCompoundPredicate.LogicalType = .and) -> XCUIElementQuery {    }
    func matching(predicate: EasyPredicate) -> XCUIElementQuery {    }
    
    /// get the taget element which matching the EasyPredicates
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - predicates: EasyPredicate's rules
    ///   - logic: rule's relate
    /// - Returns: result target
    func element(predicates: [EasyPredicate], logic: NSCompoundPredicate.LogicalType = .and) -> XCUIElement {    }
    func element(predicate: EasyPredicate) -> XCUIElement {    }

    /// get the results in the query's descendants which matching the EasyPredicates
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - predicates: EasyPredicate's rules
    ///   - logic: rule's relate
    /// - Returns: result target
    func descendants(predicates: [EasyPredicate], logic: NSCompoundPredicate.LogicalType = .and) -> XCUIElementQuery {    }
    func descendants(predicate: EasyPredicate) -> XCUIElementQuery {    }

    /// filter the query by rules to create new query
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - predicates: EasyPredicate's rules
    ///   - logic: rule's relate
    /// - Returns: result target
    func containing(predicates: [EasyPredicate], logic: NSCompoundPredicate.LogicalType = .and) -> XCUIElementQuery {    }
    func containing(predicate: EasyPredicate) -> XCUIElementQuery {    }
}

3.5 扩展 XCTestCase

为 XCTestCase (运行时) 扩展

/**
 associated object
 */
public extension XCTestCase {
    private struct XCTestCaseAssociatedKey { 
    	static var app = 0 
    }
    var app: XCUIApplication {
        set {
            objc_setAssociatedObject(self, &XCTestCaseAssociatedKey.app, newValue, objc_AssociationPolicy.OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN)
        }
        get {
            let _app = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, &XCTestCaseAssociatedKey.app) as? XCUIApplication
            guard let app = _app else { return XCUIApplication().then { self.app = $0 } }
            return app
        }
    }
}

为 XCTestCase 扩展扩展

public extension XCTestCase {
    
    // MARK: - methods
    func isSimulator() -> Bool {}
    func takeScreenshot(activity: XCTActivity, name: String = "Screenshot") {}
    func takeScreenshot(groupName: String = "--- Screenshot ---", name: String = "Screenshot") {}
    func group(text: String = "Group", closure: (_ activity: XCTActivity) -> ()) {}
    func hideAlertsIfNeeded() {}
    func setAirplane(_ value: Bool) {}
    func deleteMyAppIfNeed() {}
    
    /// Try to force launch the application. This structure tries to ovecome the issues described at https://forums.developer.apple.com/thread/15780
    func tryLaunch<T: RawRepresentable>(arguments: [T], count counter: Int = 10, wait: UInt32 = 2) where T.RawValue == String {}
    
    func tryLaunch(count counter: Int = 10) {}
    
    func killAppAndRelaunch() {}
    
    /// Try to force closing the application
    func tryTearDown(wait: UInt32 = 2) {}
}

作者

XcodeYang, [email protected]

许可证

Einstein项目受MIT许可证许可。有关更多信息，请参阅LICENSE文件。

爱因斯坦 0.4.0

爱因斯坦 0.4.0

爱因斯坦 0.4.0

比较示例

文件结构

安装

使用

1. 无障碍标识符

1.1 定义枚举

1.2 使用枚举的rawValue设置UIKit的无障碍标识符

1.3. 在UITest目标中应用

2. EasyPredicate

3. UITest 扩展

3.1 String 扩展

3.2 RawRepresentable 扩展

3.3 扩展 XCUIElement

3.4 扩展 XCUIElementQuery

3.5 扩展 XCTestCase

作者

许可证